Sensors
Electronic components that detect environmental changes and convert them into readable signals
Introduction to Sensors
A brief explanation of what sensors are and their role in electronics.
Sensors are electronic components that detect changes in the environment such as light, motion, temperature, sound, or gas and convert them into signals that a microcontroller (like an Arduino) can read and respond to.
Common Types of Sensors
Temperature and Humidity Sensor (DHT11 / DHT22)
Measures ambient temperature and humidity. Ideal for weather stations and climate control systems.
Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)
Uses sound waves to measure distance. Commonly used in obstacle detection and robot navigation.
PIR Motion Sensor
Detects human motion through infrared radiation. Great for security systems and auto-lighting.
Sound Sensor
Detects sound levels. Can be used in clapping-activated systems or noise monitoring.
Water Level Sensor
Detects water presence and level in tanks or reservoirs. Used in smart irrigation or flood detection.
Light Sensor (LDR - Light Dependent Resistor)
Senses the intensity of light. Ideal for light-activated systems like automatic night lamps.
Magnetic Hall Effect Sensor
Detects magnetic fields. Useful for speed sensing, door status detection, and motor feedback.
Gas Sensor (MQ2 / MQ135)
Detects gases like LPG, methane, carbon monoxide, and smoke. Used in air quality monitoring and fire alarms.
IR Obstacle Avoidance Sensor
Detects objects using infrared reflection. Commonly used in line-following and obstacle-avoiding robots.
Tilt Sensor
Detects changes in orientation or vibration. Useful in anti-theft devices or movement detection.
Current Sensor (ACS712)
Measures the amount of current flowing in a circuit. Essential for energy monitoring projects.
Accelerometer (ADXL345)
Detects acceleration and orientation in 3 axes (X, Y, Z). Used in gesture-controlled systems and motion tracking.