Overview

ATmega328P is the core chip used in Arduino Uno. It can be used independently for compact embedded projects involving motion sensing, sound detection, current measurement, and obstacle detection. Using the standalone chip allows for custom PCB designs, reduced size, and cost-effective production for commercial applications.

Technical Specifications

Microcontroller: ATmega328P
Architecture: 8-bit AVR RISC
Operating Voltage: 1.8-5.5V
Digital I/O Pins: 23 (6 PWM outputs)
Analog Input Pins: 8 (10-bit ADC)
Flash Memory: 32KB (0.5KB bootloader)
SRAM: 2KB
EEPROM: 1KB
Clock Speed: 20 MHz (max)

Key Features

  • Low power consumption with multiple sleep modes
  • High-performance 8-bit AVR RISC architecture
  • 32 x 8 general purpose working registers
  • In-system programmable via SPI port
  • Internal calibrated oscillator
  • Six PWM channels for motor and LED control
  • Analog comparator with programmable hysteresis
  • Temperature range: -40°C to +85°C

Common Applications

Custom PCB Designs

Compact embedded systems and commercial products

Battery-Powered Devices

Low-power sensors and remote monitoring systems

Production Electronics

Cost-effective manufacturing of Arduino-compatible devices

Minimal Systems

Space-constrained applications requiring basic functionality

Quick Info

Difficulty: Intermediate
Price Range: ₹165-415
Programming: Arduino IDE, AVR-GCC, Atmel Studio

Getting Started

  1. Design minimal circuit with crystal and capacitors
  2. Set up ISP programmer (USBasp or Arduino as ISP)
  3. Burn Arduino bootloader (optional)
  4. Program via ISP or serial connection
  5. Test with simple blink program